Relative pronouns

> Relative pronouns adalah kata ganti yang menunjuk pada kata benda yang mendahuluinya (antecedent) yang berfungsi sebagai penghubung dalam kalimat. Relative pronouns biasa diletakkan di awal subordinate clause atau anak kalimat yang menunjukkan relasi terhadap keseluruhan kalimat.


Kata ganti yang digunakan adalah: who, whom, whose, which, dan that.

Lihatlah contoh-contoh ini menunjukkan Relative Clauses terdefinisi dan tidak terdefinisi:

	example sentences S=subject, O=object, P=possessive		notes
defining	S	- The person who phoned me last night is my teacher. - The person that phoned me last night is my teacher.	That is preferable
		- The car which hit me was yellow. - The cars that hit me were yellow.	That is preferable
	O	- The person whom I phoned last night is my teacher. - The people who I phoned last night are my teachers. - The person that I phoned last night is my teacher. - The person I phoned last night is my teacher.	Whom is correct but very formal. The relative pronoun is optional.
		- The car which I drive is old. - The car that I drive is old. - The car I drive is old.	That is preferable to which. The relative pronoun is optional.
	P	- The student whose phone just rang should stand up. - Students whose parents are wealthy pay extra.
		- The police are looking for the car whose driver was masked. - The police are looking for the car of which the driver was masked.	Of which is usual for things, butwhose is sometimes possible
non-defining	S	- Mrs Pratt, who is very kind, is my teacher.
		- The car, which was a taxi, exploded. - The cars, which were taxis, exploded.
	O	- Mrs Pratt, whom I like very much, is my teacher. - Mr and Mrs Pratt, who I like very much, are my teachers.	Whom is correct but very formal.Who is normal.
		- The car, which I was driving at the time, suddenly caught fire.
	P	- My brother, whose phone you just heard, is a doctor.
		- The car, whose driver jumped out just before the accident, was completely destroyed. - The car, the driver of which jumped out just before the accident, was completely destroyed.	Of which is usual for things, butwhose is sometimes possible

* Tidak semua sumber tata bahasa menghitung "bahwa" sebagai kata ganti relatif. 

** Beberapa orang mengklaim bahwa kita tidak dapat menggunakan "bahwa" bagi orang-orang tetapi harus menggunakan "siapa / siapa", tidak ada alasan yang baik untuk klaim seperti itu.

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